Obstetrics &
Gynaecology Mnemonics
Dr K Chaudhry
FIRST Author of Jaypee
Brothers
Contents
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Page |
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01 |
Gynaecology |
03 |
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02 |
Obstetrics |
16 |
Gynaecology
Causes of Pruritus Vulvae
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Very |
1.
Vaginal discharge |
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Too |
a.
Trichomoniasis |
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Many |
b.
Moniliasis |
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Nurses |
c.
Nonspecific vaginitis and cervicitis |
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Talented |
2.
Toxaemic states |
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Joining |
a.
Jaundice |
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University |
b.
Uraemia |
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Hostel |
c.
Hodgkin's disease |
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Doctors |
3.
Deficiency diseases |
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I |
a.
Iron deficiency anaemia |
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Purchased |
b.
Pernicious anaemia |
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A |
c.
Achlorhydria |
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Horse |
d.
Hypovitaminosis A & B |
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Doing |
4.
Diabetes mellitus |
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Surgery |
5.
Skin conditions |
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To |
a.
Tinea |
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See |
b.
Scabes |
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Picture, |
c.
Pediculosis |
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They |
d.
Threadworms |
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Have |
e.
Herpes |
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Come |
f.
Contact dermatitis |
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Definitely |
g.
Dermatitis medicamentosa |
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Late; |
h.
Localised neurodermatitis |
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So |
i.
Seborrhoeic dermatitis |
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Losing |
j.
Lichen planus |
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Place |
k.
Psoriasis |
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In |
l.
Intertrigo |
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Consequence |
m.
Chronic epithelial dystrophy |
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Can |
6.
Carcinoma of vulva |
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Produce |
7.
Psychogenic |
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Infection |
8.
Idiopathic |
Inflammations
of Vulva
|
A.
Primary inflammations of vulva |
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Please |
1.
Pyogenic infections of hair follicles |
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a.
Folliculitis |
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b.
Furunculosis |
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Invite |
2.
Infected sebacious cysts |
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The |
3.
Traumatic infections |
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Any |
a.
Accidental |
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Casualty |
b.
Coital |
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|
Officer |
c.
Obstetric |
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Operates |
d.
Operative |
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Very |
4.
Venereal infections of vulva |
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Eminent |
5.
Eryseplas |
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Vascular |
6.
Vulvo-vaginitis in children |
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Urinary
Symptoms
|
Please |
1.
|
2.
Pain on micturition |
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|
Can |
Cystitis |
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Girls |
Gonoccal
urethritis |
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Enter? |
E. coli
urethritis |
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Repair |
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2. Retention of urine |
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Ruined |
Retroverted gravid uterus |
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My |
Myomata incarcerated in pelvis |
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Huge |
Haematocolpos |
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Plaster |
Pelvic haematocele |
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Of |
Ovarian cyst impacted in pelvis |
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Paris |
Postoperative |
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Duly |
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3. Difficulty in micturition |
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Cystocele |
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Complete procedentia |
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The |
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4. True incontinence |
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Urinary fistula |
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Faculty |
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5. False (stress) incontinence |
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Prolapse |
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Fan |
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6. Frequency of micturition |
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Even |
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Early pregnancy |
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The |
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Term pregnancy |
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Union |
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Urinary infections |
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People |
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Prolapse |
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Pay |
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Pelvic tumours |
Types
of Vaginitis
|
See |
|
Specific vaginitis |
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Go |
Gonococcal and other venereal diseases |
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To |
Trichomoniasis |
|
||
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Mummy |
Moniliasis |
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New |
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Nonspecific vaginitis |
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Sleep |
Streptococci |
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Saves |
Staphylococci |
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Energy |
E. coli |
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Officer |
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Oestrogen deficiency vaginitis |
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Very |
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Vulvovaginitis in children |
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Simple |
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Senile vaginitis |
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Soon |
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Secondary vaginitis |
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Face |
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Foreign body |
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Vaginal pessary |
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Contraceptive |
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Tampon |
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Is |
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Infective conditions of the cervix |
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Endocervicitis |
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Childbirth injuries |
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Under |
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Urinary and rectal fistulae |
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My |
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Malignancy of genital tract |
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Veil |
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Vaginitis medicamentosa |
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Vaginal
Discharge
|
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Physiological |
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Only |
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Ovulation |
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Sick |
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Sexual stimulation |
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People |
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Premenstrual congestion |
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Please |
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Pregnancy |
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Pathological |
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Not |
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Non-irritating non-odorous white
discharge |
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Police |
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Puberty |
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People |
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Pregnancy |
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Can |
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Cervical polyp |
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Even |
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Endocervical infection (mild) |
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Challan |
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Cervical lacerations |
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Vehicles |
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Vaginal infection |
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In |
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Irritating discharge |
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|
|
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Trichomonas vaginalis |
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Candida albicans |
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Your |
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Yellow discharge |
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Boss |
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Bacterial infections of vagina |
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Is |
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Infective cervical polyp or erosion |
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A |
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Acute gonorrhea |
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Sound |
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Septic abortion |
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Paid |
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Puerperal sepsis |
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Person |
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Pyometra |
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Office |
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Offensive discharge |
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Commonly |
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Carcinoma of cervix |
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Some |
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|
Septic myomatous polyp |
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Senior |
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Septic abortion |
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Specialist |
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|
Sarcoma of uterus |
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Comes |
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Carcinoma of vagina |
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For |
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Foreign bodies |
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|
Treatment |
|
|
Trichomonas infection |
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But |
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|
Blood stained discharge |
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Obstruction |
|
|
Oestrogen deficiency (Senile vaginitis) |
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|
Can |
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|
Carcinoma of uterus |
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|
Cause |
|
|
Cervical polyp |
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Intense |
|
|
Infected submucous fibroid polyp |
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Ureteric |
|
|
Ulcerative lesions |
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Pain |
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Placental polyp |
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Way |
|
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Watery discharge |
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Uncle |
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Urinary fistula |
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Has |
|
|
Hydrops tubae profluens |
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Come |
|
|
Carcinoma of fallopian tube |
||
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Again |
|
|
Amniotic fluid leakage |
||
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Far |
|
|
Faecal discharge |
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|
|
|
Rectovaginal fistula |
||
Menstrual
Abnormalities
|
Many |
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Menorrhagia |
|
|
|
Fibroid |
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|
|
Polyp |
||
|
|
Pelvic inflammatory disease |
||
|
Patients |
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Polymenorrhoea (epimenorrhoea) |
|
|
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Ovarian congestion |
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|
|
Ovarian dysfunction |
||
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May |
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Metrorrhagia |
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Polyp |
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|
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Carcinoma of uterus |
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Create |
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Continuous bleeding |
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An |
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Abortion |
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Enema |
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Ectopic pregnancy |
|
|
Cures |
|
Carcinoma of cervix or endometrium |
|
|
Many |
|
Metropathia haemorrhagica |
|
|
Patients |
|
Polyp |
|
Petty |
|
Pregnancy haemorrhages |
|
|
|
Sauce |
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Suppressed periods during first few
months |
|
|
And |
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Abortion |
|
|
Eggs |
|
Ectopic pregnancy |
|
|
Have |
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Hydatidiform mole |
|
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Arrived |
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Antepartum haemorrhage |
|
Problems |
|
Postmenopausal haemorrhage |
|
|
4 Constables |
|
|
Carcinoma of cervix |
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|
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Carcinoma of body |
|
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|
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Carcinoma of vagina |
|
|
|
|
Carcinoma of ovaries |
|
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Under |
|
|
Urethral Caruncle |
|
Some |
|
|
Senile vaginitis |
|
Pretext |
|
|
Pressure ulcers (from retained ring
pessaries) |
|
Punished |
|
|
Polyp |
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Every |
|
|
Erosions |
|
Man |
|
|
Myoma |
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Standing |
|
|
Sarcoma of uterus |
|
On |
|
|
Ovarian tumours |
|
Opera |
|
|
Oestrogen administration |
D/D
Genital Sore
|
Some |
Syphilis |
|
|
Primary sore |
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|
Secondary lesions |
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|
Gumma |
||
|
Care |
Chancroid |
|
|
Less |
Lymphogranuloma venereum |
|
|
|
|
Primary lesion |
|
|
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Late ulceration |
|
Guys |
Granuloma venereum |
|
|
Can |
Carcinoma |
|
|
|
|
Of vulva |
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|
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Of cervix |
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Take |
Trauma |
|
|
|
|
Physical |
|
|
|
Chemical |
|
A |
Acute vulval ulcer (Behcet’s syndrome) |
|
|
Second |
Scabes |
|
|
Hand |
Herpes simplex |
|
|
Heavy |
Herpes zoster |
|
|
Tyre |
Tuberculosis |
|
Causes
of Dyspareunia
|
|
In the male |
||||
|
Can |
|
Congenital abnormality of the penis |
|||
|
I |
|
|
Impotence |
|
|
|
Peep |
|
|
Premature ejaculation |
|
|
|
In? |
|
|
Ignorance in coital technique |
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|
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In the female |
|||
|
|
|
|
Painful lesions |
||
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Very |
|
|
|
Vulvitis |
|
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Under |
|
|
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Urethral caruncle |
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Built |
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|
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Bartholin’s cyst or abcess |
|
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Thin |
|
|
|
Tender operative scars |
|
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Adult |
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|
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Anal fissure |
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|
|
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Obstructive lesions at introitus |
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Ravindra |
|
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Rigid or imperforate hymen |
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Nath |
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Narrow ineroitus |
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|
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Obstetrical injury or scarring |
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Painful episiotomy scar |
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Tightly repaired perineal tear |
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Tagore |
|
|
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Traumatic stenosis |
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|
|
|
|
|
Congenital hypoplasia |
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|
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Kraurosis |
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|
|
|
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Lichen sclerosis |
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Seldom |
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|
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Scar due to chemical burn |
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|
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Potassium permanganate |
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|
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Lysol |
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Felt |
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|
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Functional spasm (vaginismus) |
|
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Lonely |
|
|
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Large, tender Bartholin’s cyst |
|
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|
|
|
Obstructive lesions above the vagina |
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|
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C |
|
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Congenital stenosis of vagina |
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A |
|
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Acquired stenosis |
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Surgical operations |
|
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|
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Chemical burns |
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T |
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Tumours of vagina |
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Uterine conditions |
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Cold |
|
|
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Cervicitis |
|
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Creams |
|
|
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Chronic parametritis |
|
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Rarely |
|
|
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Retroverted uterus |
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Cold |
|
|
|
Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease |
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|
|
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Lesions of uterine appendages |
|
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|
|
Please |
|
|
Prolapsed ovaries with retroversion |
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Send |
|
|
Salpingo-oophoritis |
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Eggs |
|
|
Endometriosis |
|
|
|
|
|
Extragenital lesions |
|
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|
|
|
|
Diverticulitis of the sigmoid colon |
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Methods
of Contraception
|
|
A.
General |
|
|
|
|
Total abstinence |
||
|
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|
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Abstinence during fertile phase |
|
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B.
Female |
|
|
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Sub |
|
Spermicidal substances |
|
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Divisional |
|
Douching |
|
|
Officers |
|
Occlusive diaphragms |
|
|
Are |
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Altering cervical mucus |
|
|
In |
|
Intrauterine contraceptive devices |
|
|
Superior |
|
Suppression of ovulation |
|
|
Service |
|
Surgical sterilization |
|
|
|
C.
Male |
|
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Can |
|
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Coitus interruptus |
|
Carry |
|
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Condom |
|
Small |
|
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Suppression of spermatogenesis |
|
Vessel |
|
|
Vasectomy |
Classification
of Amenorrhoea
|
|
|
Physiological |
|
|
||||
|
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Papa |
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Prebubertal |
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|||
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Presented |
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Pregnancy |
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|
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|
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Lovely |
|
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Lactation |
|
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Pen |
|
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Postmenopausal |
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|
|
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Primary pathological |
|
|
|||
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|
3 Cars |
|
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Congenital obstructive defects |
|
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|
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Noncanalisation of cervix |
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|
|
|
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Noncanalisation of vagina |
|
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||
|
|
|
|
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Imperforate hymen |
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||
|
|
|
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Congenital absence of hypoplasia of
uterus |
|
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|||
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|
|
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Congenital aplasia of ovaries |
|
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|||
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|
|
|
|
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Turner’s syndrome |
|
|
|
|
|
In |
|
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Intersexualism |
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||
|
|
|
|
|
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Pseudohermaphroditism |
|
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|
|
|
His |
|
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Hypopituitary dwarfism |
|
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||
|
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House |
|
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Hypothyroid cretinism |
|
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|
|
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Secondary pathological |
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|
|||
|
|
|
And |
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Acquired obstruction |
|
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||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operative injury |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chemical burns |
|
|
|
|
|
|
How |
|
Hysterectomy |
|
|
||
|
|
|
Often |
|
Ovarian dysfunction |
|
|
||
|
Delhi |
|
|
|
|
Destruction of both ovaries |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Disease |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Radiation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Surgical removal |
|
|
|
Population |
|
|
|
|
Primary ovarian failure |
|
|
|
|
Has |
|
|
|
|
Hyperhormonal |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Metropathia (early phases) |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hormone administration |
||
|
Slowly |
|
|
|
|
Stein-Leventhal syndrome |
|||
|
Multiplied |
|
|
|
|
Masculinizing ovarian tumours |
|||
|
|
Aspirin |
|
|
|
|
Arrhenoblastoma |
|
|
|
|
Has |
|
|
|
|
Hilus cell tumour |
|
|
|
|
Many |
|
|
|
|
Masculinising luteoma |
||
|
|
Advantages |
|
|
|
|
Adrenal like tumours |
||
|
|
|
Picture |
|
Pituitary disorders |
|
|
||
|
Please |
|
|
|
|
Psychological |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anorexia |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pituitary shock |
||
|
Buy |
|
|
|
|
Basophil adenoma |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cushing’s disease |
||
|
A |
|
|
|
|
Acidophil tumours |
|||
|
Pen |
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|
|
|
Pituitary failure |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chromophobe adenoma |
||
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Cysts |
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|
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|
|
|
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Simmond’s disease |
||
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|
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|
|
|
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Postpartum pituitary necrosis |
||
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|
|
|
|
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|
Chiari-Frommel syndrome |
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|
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At |
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Adrenal dysfunction |
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adrenal cortical hyperplasia
(Adrenogenital syndrome) |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
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Adrenal cortical tumours |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Addisson’s disease |
|
||
|
|
|
The |
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Thyroid dysfunction |
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
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Hyperthyroidism |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
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Hypothyroidism (late stages) |
|||
|
|
|
Door |
|
Diabetes mellitus |
|
|
||
|
|
|
Darshan |
|
Debilitating general disease |
|
|
||
|
|
|
Not |
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Nutritional |
|
|
||
|
|
|
Colourful |
|
Chromosomal anomalies |
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Turner’s syndrome |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Klinefelter’s syndrome |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Super-female |
|
||
Indications
of Progestogen Therapy
|
In |
Inhibition of evulsion, ovulation pain
and ovulation bleeding |
|
Charge |
Contraception |
|
S |
Spasmodic dysmenorrhoea |
|
P |
Premenstrual tension |
|
M |
Metropathia haemorrhagica |
|
Department |
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding |
|
Puts |
Puberty menorrhagia |
|
Purse |
Pregnancy test |
|
And |
Amenorrhoea |
|
Pen |
Pituitary rebound |
|
Mostly |
Menstrual irregularities |
|
In |
Infertility |
|
An |
Abortion |
|
Emergency |
Endometriosis |
|
Unit |
Uterine carcinoma |
Causes
of Menorrhagia
|
General |
|
|
|
Blood dyscrasia |
||
|
Severe anaemia |
||
|
Local |
|
|
|
Film |
Fibroid uterus |
|
|
Stars |
Salpingo-oophoritis |
|
|
Retain |
Retroverted uterus |
|
|
Charm |
Chocolate cyst of ovary |
|
|
Endlessly |
Endometriosis |
|
|
Endocrine disorders |
|
|
|
He |
Hyperthyroidism (early stages) |
|
|
Met |
Myxoedema |
|
|
A |
Acromegaly (early stages) |
|
|
Doctor |
Diabetes mellitusw |
Operative
Complications of Prolapse Uterus
|
Early |
||
|
Renal |
Retention of urine |
|
|
Colic? |
Cystitis and pyelonephritis |
|
|
Have |
Haemorrhage |
|
|
I |
Infection |
|
|
V |
Visceral injuries |
|
|
P |
Phlebothrombosis and pulmonary embolism |
|
|
Late |
||
|
Ration |
Recurrence of prolapsed |
|
|
Delivery |
Dyspareunia |
|
|
Assistant |
Abortion, premature labour, and dystocia |
|
Degenerative
Changes in Fibroid
|
A |
Atrophic changes |
|
High |
Hyaline degeneration |
|
Class |
Cystic degeration |
|
F |
Fatty degeration |
|
R |
Red degeneration |
|
C |
Calcareous degeneration |
|
S |
Sarcomatous degeneration |
Effects
of Fibroid
|
On pregnancy |
|
|
|
Send |
Sterility |
|
|
A |
Abortion or miscarriage |
|
|
Male |
Malpresentation |
|
|
Person |
Placenta praevia |
|
|
Preferably |
Premature labour |
|
|
On labour |
|
|
|
Unions |
Uterine inertia |
|
|
Often |
Obstructed labour |
|
|
Demand |
Delayed labour |
|
|
Repeat |
Retained placenta |
|
|
Poll |
Postpartum haemorrhage |
|
|
On puerperium |
|
|
|
Please |
Puerperal sepsis |
|
|
Supply |
Subinvolution |
|
|
Pant |
Puerperal retroversion |
|
|
Piece |
Postpartum haemorrhage (secondary) |
|
|
Immediately |
Inversion of uterus |
Ovarian
Tumours
|
Arising from surface epithelium of
ovaries |
|
||||||
|
Benign |
|||||||
|
Sensible |
|
Simple serous cystedenoma |
|
||||
|
People |
|
Paillary serous cystedenoma |
|
||||
|
Play |
|
Pseudomucinous cystedenoma |
|
||||
|
Badminton |
|
Brenner tumour |
|
||||
|
Malignant |
|||||||
|
Some |
|
Serous cystadenocarcinoma |
|
||||
|
People |
|
Pseudomucinous cystadenocarcinoma |
|
||||
|
See |
|
Solid carcinoma |
|
||||
|
Match |
|
Mesonephroma |
|
||||
|
Metastatic tumours |
|||||||
|
|
Typical from :- |
||||||
|
Selected |
|
|
Stomach |
||||
|
In |
|
|
Intestine |
||||
|
Bombay |
|
|
Breast |
||||
|
University |
|
|
Uterus |
||||
|
Atypical |
|||||||
|
|
Krukenberg tumour |
|
|||||
|
Arising from connective tissue of ovary |
|
||||||
|
Fibromata (benign) |
|
|
|||||
|
Sarcomata (malignant) |
|
|
|||||
|
Arising from ovum |
|
||||||
|
Disco |
Dermoid cyst |
|
|
||||
|
Star |
Solid teratoma |
|
|
||||
|
Coming |
Chorion epithelioma |
|
|
||||
|
Soon |
Struma ovarr |
|
|
||||
|
Arising from primitive mesenchyme |
|
||||||
|
Feminising |
|
|
|||||
|
Great |
|
Granulosa cell tumour |
|
||||
|
True |
|
Theca cell tumour |
|
||||
|
Lovers |
|
Luteoma |
|
||||
|
Neuter |
|
|
|||||
|
|
Dysgerminoma (seminoma) |
|
|||||
|
Virilising |
|
|
|||||
|
A |
|
Arrhenoblastoma |
|
||||
|
Splendid |
|
Suprarenal cortical tumour |
|
||||
|
Home |
|
Hilus cell tumour |
|
||||
|
Mixed |
|
|
|||||
|
|
Gyneandroblastoma |
|
|||||
Signs
of Developing Secondary Toxaemia
|
A |
1.
Albuminuria and oliguria |
|
Person |
2.
Persistent tachycardia |
|
May |
3.
Marked loss of flesh |
|
Find |
4.
Furring of tongue |
|
Judgement |
5.
Jaundice |
|
Never |
6.
Nystagmus, central scoloma and retinal
haemorrhages |
|
Before |
7.
Bulbar and limb palsies |
|
Delivered |
8.
Delirium |
Diagnostic
Value of X-rays
|
Daily |
Differential diagnosis of pregnancy |
|
Some |
Suspected vascular mole |
|
Passengers |
Pregnancy with fibroids |
|
Pay |
Pregnancy denied by patient |
|
Cancellation |
Confirmation of lie and presentation |
|
Charges |
Confirmation of hydramnios, multiple
pregnancy, breech presentation, etc |
|
Railway |
Risk of prematurity at caesarean section |
|
Staff |
Suspected anencephaly |
|
Found |
Foetal age |
|
Definitely |
Dead foetus |
|
Punishing |
Pelvimetry |
|
Poor |
Progress of labour |
|
People |
Placentography |
B.
Obstetrics
Classification
of Abortion
|
A.
Depending upon degree |
||
|
Ticket |
1.
Threatened abortion |
|
|
Inspector |
2.
Inevitable abortion |
|
|
Is |
3.
Incomplete abortion |
|
|
Cunning |
4.
Complete abortion |
|
|
Man |
5.
Missed abortion |
|
|
B.
Depending upon cause |
||
|
Senior |
1.
Spontaneous abortion |
|
|
High |
2.
Habitual abortion |
|
|
Court |
3.
Criminal abortion |
|
|
Lawyer |
4.
Legal abortion |
|
|
C.
Depending upon infection |
||
|
Serial |
1.
Septic abortion |
|
|
Number |
2.
Nonseptic abortion |
Complications
of Evacuation
|
Some |
1.
Sock |
|
|
Solid |
2.
Sepsis |
|
|
Thing |
3.
Thrombophlebitis |
|
|
Inside |
4.
Injuries |
|
|
a.
Laceration of cervix |
||
|
b.
Perforation |
Causes
of Abortion
|
An |
A.
Abnormalities of foetus |
|||||
|
1.
Maldevelopment |
||||||
|
2.
Intrauterine death |
||||||
|
I |
a.
Infections |
|||||
|
Praise |
b.
Poisons |
|||||
|
Experts |
c.
X-rays |
|||||
|
Anti |
B.
Abnormalities of placenta and membranes |
|||||
|
Having |
1.
Hydatidiform mole |
|||||
|
A |
2.
Acute hydramnios |
|||||
|
Painful |
3.
Placenta praevia |
|||||
|
Period |
4.
Placental infarction |
|||||
|
Malarial |
C.
Maternal diseases |
|||||
|
Take |
1.
Toxic states with high fever |
|||||
|
A |
2.
Anoxic states |
|||||
|
Suit |
a.
Severe shock or anaemia |
|||||
|
Case |
b.
Congestive heart failure |
|||||
|
Ready |
c.
Respiratory failure |
|||||
|
(i)
Bronchial asthma |
||||||
|
(ii)
Anaesthesia |
||||||
|
Car |
3.
Chronic disease |
|||||
|
Some |
a.
Syphilis |
|||||
|
Take |
b.
Tuberculosis |
|||||
|
Heavy |
c.
Hypertension |
|||||
|
Commission |
d.
Chronic glomerulonephritis |
|||||
|
Tablet |
D.
Trauma |
|||||
|
Do |
1.
Direct blows or kicks in abdomen |
|||||
|
Surgery |
2.
Severe fall and other accidents |
|||||
|
In |
3.
Instrumentation |
|||||
|
Severe |
4.
Surgical operations on gravid uterus |
|||||
|
Cases |
5.
Coitus in retroverted uterus |
|||||
|
Every |
E.
Emotional |
|||||
|
Get |
1.
Grief or fright |
|||||
|
One |
2.
Overfatigue |
|||||
|
Sample |
3.
Schizophrenia |
|||||
|
Again |
4.
Anxiety neurosis |
|||||
|
Day |
F.
Drugs |
|||||
|
Long |
1.
Lead |
|||||
|
Queue |
2.
Quinine |
|||||
|
Everyday |
3.
Ergot |
|||||
|
Helps |
G.
Hypovitaminosis |
|||||
|
1.
Vitamin deficiency |
||||||
|
2.
Folic acid deficiency |
||||||
|
Even |
H.
Endocrine disorders |
|||||
|
1.
Hypothyroidism |
||||||
|
2.
Diabetes mellitus |
||||||
|
Greatly |
I.
Genital tract abnormalities |
|||||
|
1.
Displacement of uterus |
||||||
|
-
Retroflexion |
||||||
|
2.
Malformations of uterus |
||||||
|
3.
Cervical incompetence |
||||||
|
4.
Acute red degeneration |
||||||
|
a.
Bicornuate uterus |
||||||
|
b.
Septate, subseptate and arcuate uterus |
||||||
Causes
of Postpartum Haemorrhage
|
Thermal |
|
Trauma |
|
|
|
Liquidated |
Laceration of clitoris |
|
||
|
Lone |
Laceration of bulbocavernous area of
vestibule |
|||
|
Rebel |
Ruptured varix of vulva or vagina |
|
||
|
Police |
Perineal or vaginal tears |
|
||
|
Constable |
Cervical tear |
|
||
|
Unit |
|
Uterine atony |
|
|
|
Every |
Exhaution from prolonged labour |
|
||
|
Analyst |
Anaesthesia |
|
||
|
Got |
Grand multiparity |
|
||
|
One |
Overdistension of uterus |
|
||
|
|
|
Twins |
||
|
|
|
Hydramnios |
||
|
|
|
Large foetus |
||
|
|
|
Abruptio placentae |
||
|
Unit |
Uterine anomalies |
|
||
|
|
|
Tumours |
||
|
|
|
Operative scars |
||
|
At |
|
Abnormalities at placental site |
|
|
|
|
|
Retained placental piece |
||
|
|
|
Cornual placenta |
||
|
Azam |
|
Abnormal uterine action |
|
|
|
Call |
Constriction rings |
|
||
|
In |
Improper conduct of labour |
|
||
|
Police |
Precipitate labour |
|
||
|
Post |
Premature attempts to remove placenta |
|||
|
Bagh |
|
Bleeding disorders |
|
|
|
|
Afibrinogenaemia |
|
||
|
|
Scurvy |
|
||
|
|
Purpura |
|
||
Hypertensive
States of Pregnancy
|
1.
Gestational oedema |
||
|
3Giants |
2.
Gestational proteinuria |
|
|
|
3.
Gestational hypertension |
|
|
Pushed |
4.
Pre-eclampsia |
|
|
Every |
5.
Eclampsia |
|
|
Student |
6.
Superimposed pre-eclampsia or eclampsia |
|
|
Causing |
7.
Chronic hypertensive disease |
|
|
Unrest |
8.
Unclassified hypertensive disorders |
|
Indications
of Induction of Labour
|
Maternal |
|
|
|
|
Papa |
Pre-Eclampsia |
|
|
|
Has |
Hypertension |
|
|
|
Returned |
Renal disorders |
|
|
|
Duck |
Diabetes mellitus |
|
|
|
Eggs |
Erythroblastosis |
|
|
|
And |
Abruptio placentae |
|
|
|
Container |
Contracted pelvis (mild) |
|
|
|
As |
Accidental haemorrhage |
|
|
|
He |
Hydramnios |
|
|
|
Had |
Hyperemesis gravidarum |
|
|
|
Chosen |
Chorea |
|
|
|
Many |
Medical termination of pregnancy (12-20
weeks) |
|
|
|
Foetal |
|
|
|
|
Please |
Past history |
|
|
|
|
Large babies |
||
|
|
Recurrent intrauterine deaths at term |
||
|
Deliver |
Dead
foetus |
|
|
|
Pink |
Postmaturity |
|
|
|
Rose |
Rh incompatibility |
|
|
|
Manually |
Malformation |
|
Methods
of Induction of Labour
|
Papa |
|
Physical stimulation |
|
|
|
|
Breast massage |
|
||
|
|
Uterus massage per abdomen |
|
||
|
Makes |
|
Mechanical methods |
|
|
|
|
Amniotomy |
|
||
|
|
|
High rupture of membranes |
||
|
|
|
Low rupture of membranes |
||
|
|
Stripping the membranes from cervix |
|||
|
Us |
|
Uterotonic agentsExchange aspiration |
||
|
One |
Oxytocin |
|
||
|
Sample |
Sparteine sulphate |
|||
|
Of |
Oestrogen (for dead foetus) |
|||
|
Powder |
Prostaglandins (for dead foetus) |
|||
|
|
Exchange aspiration |
|||
|
|
Hypertonic saline |
|||
|
|
High concentration glucose |
|||
Complications
of Induction of Labour
|
Tetanic contractions |
|
|
Rupture of uterus |
|
|
Abruptio placentae |
|
|
Amniotic embolism |
|
|
Postpartum haemorrhage |
|
|
Cervical laceration |
|
|
Foetal distress |
|
|
Anoxaemia |
|
|
Birth injuries |
|
|
Foetal death |
|
|
Maternal death |
|
|
Maternal anxiety |
|
|
Prolonged labour |
|
|
Prolapsed cord |
|
|
Pelvic infection |
|
|
Prematurity |
|
|
Hypofibrinogenaemia |
|
|
Antidiuretic water intoxication |
Contraindications
of Version
|
He |
Hypertensive states |
|
Had |
Hydrocephalus |
|
Put |
Placenta praevia |
|
Plenty |
Placental dysfunction |
|
On |
Operative scars |
|
Poor |
Presenting part engaged |
|
Risk |
Ruptured membranes |
Complications
of Version
|
I |
Injury to the uterus |
|
Shall |
Separation of placenta |
|
Keep |
Kinking or prolapse of cord |
|
Red |
Rupture of membranes |
|
Piece |
Premature labour |
Causes
of Uterine Inertia
|
Police |
Psychological |
|
|
Officer |
Overdistention |
|
|
Hydramnios |
||
|
Twins |
||
|
Failed |
Full bladder or rectum |
|
|
To |
Too early confinement to bed |
|
|
Feed |
Fibrous or elastic tissue excess |
|
|
Pets |
Premature induction of labour |
|
Causes
of Obstructed Labour
|
Maternal |
|
|
|
|
Central |
Contracted pelvis |
|
|
|
Tent |
Tumours of pelvic bones |
|
|
|
Of |
Ovarian or uterine tumours |
|
|
|
Cricket |
Cervical or vaginal stenosis |
|
|
|
Club |
Constriction ring |
|
|
|
Foetal |
|
|
|
|
Malpresentation |
|
||
|
Be |
|
Brow presentation |
|
|
Fair |
|
Face presentation |
|
|
Sanitary |
|
Shoulder presentation |
|
|
Inspector |
|
Impacted breech presentation |
|
|
Locked twins |
|
||
|
Abnormal foetus |
|
||
|
Hey |
|
Hydrocephalus |
|
|
Guys |
|
Gigantism |
|
|
Add |
|
Abdominal tumours |
|
|
And |
|
Ascites |
|
|
Deduct |
|
Double monsters |
Causes
of Delayed Involution
|
Punish |
Puerperal sepsis |
|
These |
Thrombophlebitis |
|
Persons |
Puerperal haemorrage |
|
Under |
Urinary infection |
|
Charges |
Choriocarcinoma |
|
Made |
Mastitis and breast abscess |
|
Now |
Neuritis and puerperal mania |
Causes
of puerperal sepsis
|
Prime |
|
Prolonged labour |
|
|
Minister |
|
Manipulation and instrumentation |
|
|
Returns |
|
Retention of placental pieces and blood
clots |
|
|
Home |
|
Haemorrhage |
|
|
Late |
|
Lowered resistance |
|
|
An |
Anaemia |
||
|
M |
Malnutrition |
||
|
D |
Dehydration |
||
|
Doctor |
Debilitating diseases |
Causes
of Prematurity
|
Little |
Lady under 20 years of age |
|
Master |
Multiple pregnancy |
|
Made |
Malnutrition |
|
Hundred |
Hypertensive states |
|
Runs |
Renal disorders |
|
Did |
Diabetes mellitus |
|
See |
Syphilis |
|
Through |
Toxaemia of pregnancy |
|
A |
Accidental haemorrhage |
|
Pace |
Placenta praevia |
|
Attack |
Acute infections |
Complications
of Prematurity
|
I |
Infections |
|
Have |
Hypoxia |
|
To |
Trauma |
|
Have |
Haemorrhage |
|
A |
Anaemia |
|
Coffee |
Cyanosis |
|
Just |
Jaundice |
|
On |
Oedema |
|
Rising |
Retinopathy |
Causes
of Infertility
|
Never |
Nutritional |
|
|
Iron deficiency anaemia |
||
|
Hypovitaminosis |
||
|
Enter |
Endocrinal |
|
|
Pituitary
dysfunction |
||
|
Hypothyroidism |
||
|
Hyperadrenalism |
||
|
Vein |
Vaginal |
|
|
|
|
Imperforate
or cribriform hymen |
|
|
|
Vaginitis |
|
Through |
Tubal |
|
|
|
|
Salpingitis |
|
|
|
Congenital
atresia |
|
|
|
False
passages |
|
Un |
Uterine |
|
|
|
|
Tumours |
|
|
|
Hypoplasia |
|
Clean |
Cervical |
|
|
|
|
Pinhole
cervix |
|
|
|
Cervical
tumours or polyps |
|
|
|
Cervicitis |
|
Open |
Ovarian |
|
|
|
|
Oophoritis |
|
|
|
Tumours |
|
Prick |
Psychic |
|
|
|
|
Anorexia
nervosa |
|
|
|
Schizophrenia |
Causes of